I-Watchmaking Glossary

Ukunemba: Isilinganiso sokuthi iwashi lisigcina kahle kangakanani isikhathi.

I-alloy: Ingxube yezinsimbi ezimbili noma ngaphezulu ezisetshenziselwa ukwakha impahla ethile enezici ezifiselekayo.

Ubukhulu: Izinga lokushwibeka kwesondo lebhalansi ewashini eliwumshini.

I-Analog: Indlela evamile yokubonisa isikhathi usebenzisa ihora, iminithi, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izandla zesibili odayelini.

I-Anti-Magnetic: Isici esivikela ukunyakaza kwewashi emiphumeleni yamagnetic field.

Imbobo: Indawo yokudayela ebonisa ulwazi olwengeziwe, njengedethi noma isigaba senyanga.

I-Art Deco: Isitayela sedizayini esaduma ngeminyaka yawo-1920 kanye nawo-1930 esaziwa ngobumo baso bejiyomethri nemibala egqamile.

I-Automatic Movement: Ukunyakaza komshini ozishayayo osebenzisa ukunyakaza kwemvelo kwengalo yomuntu ogqokile ukunika amandla iwashi.

I-Aventurine: Uhlobo lwengilazi noma i-quartz enezinto ezicwebezelayo, ezivame ukusetshenziswa ekudayelini noma emihlobiso yewashi.

Ukunemba: Isilinganiso sokuthi iwashi lisigcina kahle kangakanani isikhathi.

Iwashi Lezinkanyezi: Iwashi elibonisa ulwazi lwezinkanyezi, njengezigaba zenyanga, ukunyakaza kwamaza, noma imicimbi yasezulwini.

I-Altimeter: Isici esikala ukuphakama noma ukuphakama ngaphezu kwezinga lolwandle.

I-alamu: Umsebenzi ovumela iwashi ukuthi likhiphe umsindo ozwakalayo ngesikhathi esisethwe ngaphambilini.

I-Anti-Reflective Coating: Ungqimba oluncane olusetshenziswa kukristalu lewashi ukuze kuncishiswe ukubukeka nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala.

Izinombolo zesi-Arabhu: Omaka bezinombolo edayilini yewashi emelwe uhlelo lwezinombolo lwesi-Arabhu (1, 2, 3, njll.).

Ama-Articulated Lugs: Ama-Lugs adizayinelwe ukunyakaza noma ukuzungeza, okuvumela iwashi ukuthi lihambisane kangcono nengalo yomuntu oyifakile.

I-Acrylic Crystal: Into yepulasitiki esobala esetshenziswa njengekristalu yewashi engasindi futhi imelana nomthelela.

Ikhalenda Lonyaka: Inkinga yekhalenda ezilungisela ngokuzenzakalelayo izinyanga ezinezinsuku ezingu-30 noma ezingu-31 kodwa edinga ukulungiswa mathupha ngoFebruwari.

I-Astrolabe: Ithuluzi lezinkanyezi lasendulo elalisetshenziselwa ukulinganisa isikhathi nokunquma izindawo zasemkhathini.

I-Anti-Shock System: Indlela yokunyakaza kwewashi evikela izingxenye ezithambile emthelela wokushaqeka nokudlidliza.

I-Automatic Chronograph: Iwashi elizivalayo elinomsebenzi we-chronograph okala isikhathi esidlulile.

Ukudayela Kokusiza: Ukudayela okuncane ewashini okubonisa ulwazi olwengeziwe, njengezoni yesikhathi sesibili noma inkomba yokugcina amandla.

I-Astronomical Complication: Inkinga yewashi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ebonisa ulwazi lwezinkanyezi, njengokuma kwezindikimba zasemkhathini noma ukubalwa kwesikhathi.

Ubuciko bobuciko: Amasu okuhlobisa asetshenziswa ekubukeni okudayilwayo, amakesi, noma ukunyakaza ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukukhanga kwakho kobuhle.

Ukulungiswa: Inqubo yokulawula ukunyakaza kwewashi ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukunemba kwalo.

Isikhathi se-Aloha: Umehluko wesikhathi phakathi kwe-Hawaii ne-Coordinated Universal Time (UTC-10:00).

I-Anti-Reflection Coating: I-coat encane esetshenziswa kukristalu lewashi ukuze kuncishiswe ukubonakaliswa nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala.

I-Antimagnetic: Isici esivikela ukunyakaza kwewashi emiphumeleni emibi yezinkundla kazibuthe.

I-Automatic Wining: Indlela enyakazisa ngokuzenzakalelayo iwashi eliyinhloko ngokunyakaza kwemvelo kwengalo yomuntu oyifakile.

Isondo Lebhalansi: Isondo elinesisindo ewashini elizungeza emuva naphambili ukuze lilawule isikhathi sokunyakaza.

I-Balance Spring: Ucu oluncane lwensimbi olugoqiwe futhi luxhunywe esondweni lebhalansi, olunikeza amandla okubuyisela ama-oscillations ayo.

Umgqomo: Isiqukathi esiyicylindrical ewashini eligcina i-mainspring, eligcina futhi likhiphe amandla ukuze linike amandla ukunyakaza.

I-Bezel: Iringi ezungeze ukudayela kwewashi elingama noma lijikelezise ukuze lenze imisebenzi ehlukahlukene, njengokulinganisa isikhathi esidlulile noma ukubala izindawo zesikhathi ezengeziwe.

Ibhuloho: Ipuleti elisekelayo noma isakhiwo esibamba izingxenye ezihlukahlukene zokunyakaza kwewashi endaweni.

Isongo: Ibhande lensimbi noma ibhande elixhunywe kwikesi lewashi eligqokwa esihlakaleni.

Izandla ze-Breguet: Isitayela sezandla zewashi esibonakala ngamathiphu azo angenalutho, amise okwe-pomme.

Ibhande: Idivayisi encane esetshenziselwa ukubopha ibhande lewashi noma isongo esihlakaleni.

I-Bumper Movement: Uhlobo lokunyakaza okuzenzakalelayo olusebenzisa i-rotor eneziphethu ukuze inikeze isenzo sokugoqa esiguquliwe.

I-Cambered Crystal: Ikristalu yewashi eligobile ehlinzeka ngobuhle obuhlukile futhi ithuthukisa ukubonakala ngama-engeli ahlukene.

I-Caliber: Imodeli ethile noma uhlobo lokunyakaza olusetshenziswa ewashini.

Ikhalenda: Inkinga ebonisa usuku, usuku, inyanga, kanye nolwazi lonyaka oleap kwesinye isikhathi.

I-Canteen Crown: Umqhele oyisikulufa onesembozo sokuzivikela, esivame ukutholakala kumawashi omtshuzi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana kwamanzi.

I-Carat: Iyunithi yokulinganisa esetshenziselwa ukukhombisa isisindo samatshe ayigugu, ne-carat eyodwa elingana nama-milligrams angu-200.

I-Carrousel: Inkundla ejikelezayo ephethe isitho esilawulayo sewashi, efana ne-tourbillon kodwa enomshini ohlukile.

Ikesi: Igobolondo langaphandle elivikela ukunyakaza kwewashi futhi libambe ukudayela, izandla, nekristalu.

I-Caseback: Ikhava engemuva yekesi lewashi elingavulwa ukuze lifinyelele umnyakazo noma lihlale livaliwe ukuze lingangeni emanzini.

I-Ceramic: Into eqinile futhi imelana nokuklwebheka esetshenziswa kumakesi wewashi, ama-bezel, namasongo.

I-Champlevé: Indlela yokuhlobisa lapho izindawo ezihlehlisiwe endaweni yensimbi zigcwaliswa ngoqweqwe lwawo noma ezinye izinto.

Iringithoni Yesahluko: Iringithoni noma isikali esibekwe onqenqemeni lwangaphandle lokudayela esibonisa omaka bemizuzu noma besibili.

Chasing: Inqubo yokuqopha amaphethini okuhlobisa noma imiklamo kukesi lewashi noma ukunyakaza.

I-Chime: Indlela esewashini ekhiqiza imisindo ezwakalayo, efana ne-alamu noma amathoni aphindayo amaminithi.

I-Chronograph: Iwashi elinomsebenzi owakhelwe ngaphakathi wesitophuwashi ongakala isikhathi esidlulile.

I-Chronometer: Iwashi elinembe kakhulu eliphumelele ukuhlolwa okuqinile yinhlangano esemthethweni, efana ne-COSC.

I-Côtes de Genève: Iphethini yokuhlobisa yemigqa ehambisanayo evame ukubonakala kumapuleti namabhuloho okunyakaza kwewashi eliphezulu.

Umqhele: Iknobho elincane ohlangothini lwekesi lewashi elisetshenziselwa ukusetha isikhathi nosuku, kanye nokusonga iwashi.

I-Crystal: Ikhava ebonisa ngale evikela ukudayela kwewashi. Ingenziwa ngezinto ezihlukahlukene, njengesafire, amaminerali, noma i-acrylic.

Ama-Cyclops: Ilensi ekhulisayo ivamise ukubekwa phezu kwewindi ledethi ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukufundeka.

I-Damaskeening: Indlela yokuhlobisa lapho amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi aqoshwa khona ebusweni bokunyakaza kwewashi.

Iwindi Losuku: Iwindi elincane lokudayela elibonisa idethi yamanje.

Usuku-Idethi: Iwashi elibonisa kokubili usuku lweviki nosuku.

Inkomba Yasemini-Ebusuku: Isici esibonisa ukuthi kusemini noma ebusuku, ngokuvamile simelelwa idiski ezungezayo enelanga nenyanga.

I-Deployment Clasp: Uhlobo lwebhande lewashi elivulekayo ukuze linikeze ukuvala okuphephile nokunethezekile.

Ukudayela: Ubuso bewashi lapho kuboniswa khona isikhathi neminye imisebenzi.

Isibonisi Sedijithali: Uhlobo lwesibonisi sewashi esisebenzisa izinombolo noma izimpawu ukukhombisa isikhathi neminye imisebenzi.

Iwashi le-Diver's: Iwashi eliklanyelwe ngokukhethekile ukusetshenziswa ngaphansi kwamanzi, ngokuvamile elinokumelana okuthuthukisiwe kwamanzi nezici ezifana ne-bezel ezungezayo engaqondile kanye nomaka be-luminescent.

Indawo Yesikhathi Ekabili: Isici esivumela iwashi ukuthi libonise isikhathi ezindaweni zesikhathi ezimbili ezihlukene ngesikhathi esisodwa.

I-Ebauche: Isisekelo sokunyakaza esikhiqizwe umkhiqizi wewashi, bese silungiswa futhi sihlotshiswe ukudala imodeli ethile yewashi.

I-Eccentric: Igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza indawo noma ukuqondanisa kwezingxenye zewashi ezithile ezingekho maphakathi ngenhloso noma ezingekho phakathi nendawo.

I-Electromechanical: Uhlobo lokunyakaza kwewashi oluhlanganisa izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi nezinto eziwumshini.

I-Escapement: Indlela esewashini elawula ukukhishwa kwamandla esondweni lebhalansi, elawula ukugcinwa kwesikhathi.

I-Exhibition Caseback: I-caseback esobala evumela ogqokile ukuthi abuke ukunyakaza kwewashi.

Ubuso: Uhlangothi olungaphambili lwewashi, ngokuvamile lubhekisela ekudayileni.

I-Flyback Chronograph: Umsebenzi we-chronograph ovumela umsebenzisi ukuthi asethe kabusha futhi aqale kabusha isitophuwashi ngokucindezela okukodwa kwenkinobho.

Imvamisa: Izinga lapho ukunyakaza kwewashi kuzungeza khona, ngokuvamile kulinganiswa ngokudlidliza ngehora (vph).

I-Fusee: Ithuluzi elimise okwe-conical elisetshenziswa kumawashi emishini ukuze linikeze amandla angaguquki ekunyakazeni njengoba i-mainspring ikhululeka.

Ukudayela kwe-Galvanic: Ukudayela okuye kwaphathwa amakhemikhali noma kwafakwa ugesi ukuze kuzuze umbala othile noma ukuphela.

I-Geneva Seal: Uphawu lwesitifiketi olunikezwa amawashi akhiqizwe endaweni yase-Geneva, e-Switzerland, okubonisa ubuciko bekhwalithi ephezulu nokuqedwa.

GMT: Isifinyezo seGreenwich Mean Time, esimele isikhathi esijwayelekile ku-Prime Meridian.

I-Grande Sonnerie: Indlela eyinkimbinkimbi ye-chiming ewashini eshaya amahora nekota ngokuzenzakalelayo.

I-Guilloché: Indlela yokuhlobisa lapho amaphethini ayinkimbinkimbi aqoshwe ngaphezulu kokudayela kwewashi noma amakesi.

Ukugebenga: Isici esimisa ukunyakaza kwesandla sesibili lapho umqhele ukhishwa, okuvumela ukulungiselelwa kwesikhathi esinembile.

I-Hairspring: Isiphethu esincanyana, esigoqiwe esizungeza isondo lebhalansi ukuze silawule ukugcinwa kwesikhathi kwewashi.

Ukusongelwa ngesandla: Ukunyakaza kwewashi okudinga ukusongwa mathupha ngokuphendula umqhele ukunika amandla i-mainspring.

I-Horology: Ucwaningo nesayensi yokugcina isikhathi kanye nobuciko bokwenza amawashi.

Isandla Sehora: Isandla ewashini esibonisa ihora lamanje lokudayela.

I-Hybrid Movement: Ukunyakaza kwewashi okuhlanganisa kokubili izingxenye zemishini neze-elekthronikhi.

Izinkomba: Omaka behora odayelini lwewashi.

I-In-house Movement: Ukunyakaza kwewashi okuklanywe, kwathuthukiswa, futhi kwakhiqizwa uhlobo olufanayo lwewashi.

I-Incabloc: Isistimu yokuvikela ukushaqeka esetshenziswa kumawashi emishini ukuvikela izingxenye ezithambile emonakalweni odalwa umthelela noma ukudlidliza.

Amabhande Ashintshashintshayo: Ibhande lewashi noma amasongo angashintshwa kalula noma ashintshwe ukuze kwenziwe ngendlela oyifisayo ukubukeka kwewashi.

Amagugu: Amatshe ayigugu okwenziwa amancane noma emvelo asetshenziswa njengama-bearings ekuhambeni ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana nokuthuthukisa ukuqina.

Ihora Lokweqa: Inkinga ebonisa ihora endaweni evulekile ehlukile noma efasiteleni, eshintsha khona manjalo phezulu kwehora ngalinye.

I-Jumbo: Isho ikesi lewashi elinosayizi omkhulu noma ukudayela, ngokuvamile okwedlula izilinganiso ezijwayelekile.

Isongo seJubilee: Uhlobo lwesongo lwewashi elibonakala ngomklamo walo wesixhumanisi oneziqephu ezinhlanu, elaziwa ngokuguquguquka nokunethezeka.

Amasekhondi Okweqa: Inkinga ebonisa amasekhondi ngokuhluka, noma "ukweqa," inyuka esikhundleni sokushanela okuqhubekayo.

Isilungiselelo seJewel: Inqubo yokuvikela amatshe ayigugu ekesini lewashi, ukudayela, noma i-bezel usebenzisa ama-prong noma ezinye izinto ezifakwayo.

Usuku lukaJulian: Isistimu enikeza inombolo eyingqayizivele ngosuku ngalunye lonyaka, esetshenziswa kwamanye amawashi ukukhombisa usuku.

JLC: Isifinyezo sokuthi Jaeger-LeCoultre, umkhiqizi wamawashi odumile waseSwitzerland.

Ihora Lokweqa: Inkinga ebonisa ihora kudiski elijikelezayo noma isibonisi sedijithali, sishintsha ngokushesha phezulu kwehora ngalinye.

I-Jour: Igama lesiFulentshi elisho "usuku," elivame ukusetshenziswa ekwenzeni amawashi ukukhombisa inkinga yosuku.

I-Jewel Hole: Imbobo encane, eyenziwe ngomshini ngokunembile ekuhambeni kwewashi lapho kubekwa khona ubucwebe ukuze kuncishiswe ukungqubuzana.

Ijubhili: Umgubho noma uhlobo lwesikhumbuzo lwemodeli yewashi, evamise ukumakwa ngezakhi ezikhethekile noma ukukhiqizwa okulinganiselwe.

I-Jeweled Escapement: Indlela yokuphunyuka ekunyakazeni kwewashi ehlanganisa ama-synthetic noma ama-gemstone bearings emvelo ukuze kube nokungqubuzana okuncishisiwe.

Iwashi Lomoya Wokhiye: Uhlobo lwewashi oludinga ukhiye wokusonga okhethekile ukuze uvule i-mainspring.

I-Keyless Works: Indlela esewashini evumela ukusonga nokusetha isikhathi ngaphandle kokusebenzisa ukhiye osongayo.

Iwashi le-Kinetic: Uhlobo lwewashi olusebenzisa ukunyakaza kwengalo yomuntu olifakile ukukhiqiza nokugcina amandla, okunikeza iwashi amandla.

I-Kish: Uhlobo lwempushana ebrasive esetshenziswa ekupholiseni nasekuqedeleni izingxenye zewashi.

I-Kronometer: Igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza iwashi eliqinisekiswe njengenembe kakhulu indawo yokubuka esemthethweni.

Okukhanyayo: Isho izandla zokubuka, izimpawu zehora, noma amadayili ambozwe ngento ekhipha ukukhanya ebumnyameni, ngokuvamile kusetshenziswa into ye-phosphorescent.

I-Lume: Ifushane nge-luminescent, ibhekisela ezintweni ezikhanyayo ezisetshenziswa ezandleni zewashi, izimpawu zehora, noma ukudayela.

Isigaba Senyanga: Inkinga ewashini ebonisa isigaba samanje senyanga, ngokuvamile ngediski ejikelezayo noma i-subdial.

I-Lépine: Uhlobo lwewashi elisephaketheni noma idizayini yokunyakaza ebonakala ngomqhele nendlela ephendukayo etholakala endaweni eyi-12 ezimpondweni kunokuba ibe seceleni.

Uhlelo Olukhawulelwe: Iwashi elikhiqizwa ngenani elikhawulelwe, ngokuvamile elinenombolo ethile eyabelwe ucezu ngalunye, okulenza likhetheke kakhulu futhi liqoqeke.

Ukugcinwa Kwamandla Okude: Iwashi elingasebenza isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudinga ukusongwa noma amandla engeziwe.

Iwashi likanokusho: Iwashi lewashi elisezingeni eliphezulu ngokuvamile eliklanywe ngezinto ezinhle kakhulu, ubuciko obukhethekile, futhi elivame ukuhlotshaniswa nemikhiqizo ephambili.

Ukusongelwa Mathupha: Iwashi elidinga ukusongwa mathupha ngokuphendula umqhele ukuze uvule i-mainspring futhi linike amandla ukunyakaza.

Iwashi Lomshini: Iwashi elisebenza lisebenzisa ukunyakaza kokusebenza, ngokuvamile okunikwa amandla yi-mainspring futhi lilawulwa isondo lebhalansi.

I-Micro-rotor: Isistimu encane ejikajikayo ezenzakalelayo ewashini esebenzisa isisindo esincane esizungezayo ukuze inyakazise i-mainspring.

Ukuphindaphinda Umzuzu: Iwashi eliyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu elingakhala ngokuzwakalayo amahora, ikota yamahora, namaminithi lapho kudingeka khona, ngokuvamile ngochungechunge lwezando nama-gong.

Isigaba Senyanga: Inkinga yewashi ebonisa isigaba samanje senyanga njengoba sivela esibhakabhakeni.

Ukunyakaza: Indlela yangaphakathi yewashi elinika amandla imisebenzi yalo yokugcina isikhathi. Ihlanganisa izinto ezifana ne-mainspring, isondo lebhalansi, i-skippement, namagiya.

I-Mainspring: Intwasahlobo egoqiwe ewashini eligcina amandla lapho lilimele futhi liwadedele kancane ukuze linike amandla ukunyakaza.

I-Magnetism: Ukuba khona kwezizibuthe ezingathinta ukunemba kwewashi eliwumshini. Amawashi e-anti-magnetic aklanyelwe ukumelana nalawa mandla kazibuthe.

I-Mineral Crystal: Uhlobo lwekristalu yewashi elenziwe ngengilazi yamaminerali eqinile enikeza ukumelana okuhle nokuklwebheka.

I-Multi-Time Zone: Iwashi elibonisa isikhathi ezindaweni zesikhathi eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa, ngokuvamile ngokusebenzisa ukudayela okuncane okwengeziwe noma amadiski azungezisayo.

Ibhande le-NATO: Uhlobo lwebhande lenayiloni elakhelwe ukusetshenziswa kwezempi, elibonakala ngomklamo walo oqinile futhi olungisekayo onalophu amaningi.

Izinombolo: Izimpawu noma izinhlamvu ezisetshenziswa ekudayileni kwewashi ukukhombisa amahora, ngokuvamile ngezinombolo zesi-Arabhu noma zesi-Roman.

I-Nacre: Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-mother-of-pearl, iyinto evame ukusetshenziswa ekudayilweni kwewashi, eyaziwa ngokubukeka kwayo okukhazimulayo.

I-Non-Magnetic: Isho amawashi noma izingxenye zewashi ezingathintwa amandla kazibuthe futhi ezingagcina ukunemba kwazo ngisho nalapho zichayeke kumandla kazibuthe.

Isikhathi Esijwayelekile: Esaziwa nangokuthi isikhathi esijwayelekile, sisho uhlelo lwesikhathi olujwayelekile lwamahora ayi-12 olusetshenziswa empilweni yansuku zonke.

Nut: Idivayisi encane yokubopha enentambo esetshenziswa ekwenzeni iwashi ukuvikela izingxenye ezahlukahlukene, njengomqhele noma izikulufu.

I-Observatory Chronometer: Iwashi eliye lahlolwa ukunemba futhi lathola isitifiketi esivela endaweni yokubuka esemthethweni ngokunemba kwalo.

U-Oechslin, uLudwig: Umenzi wamawashi owaziwayo kanye nodokotela wezinkanyezi owaziwa ngemiklamo yakhe emisha yewashi kanye negalelo lakhe embonini.

I-Open-Heart: Idizayini yewashi efaka i-cutout noma imbobo endaweni yokudayela, eveza isondo lebhalansi lokunyakaza noma ezinye izingxenye zangaphakathi.

I-Oscillation: Ukunyakaza emuva naphambili kwesondo lebhalansi ewashini eliwumshini, okulawula umsebenzi wokugcina isikhathi.

I-Overcoil: Umumo ogobile okhethekile onikezwe isithombo sezinwele ekuhambeni kwewashi ukuthuthukisa i-isochronism nokunemba kwayo.

Ikesi le-Oyster: Uhlobo lwedizayini yekesi lewashi elethulwa yi Rolex, eyaziwa ngokumelana namanzi kanye nomqhele wokugoqa.

Ikhalenda Elingapheli: Inkinga yewashi eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ebonisa idethi, usuku lweviki, inyanga, nomjikelezo wonyaka ogxumagxumayo, elungiswa ngokuzenzakalelayo izinyanga zobude obuhlukene neminyaka egxumayo.

Ukugcinwa kwamandla: Inani lesikhathi iwashi lomshini elingasebenza ngaphandle kokulinyazwa, ngokuvamile eliboniswa ngokudayela okuncane noma ngesandla ewashini lokudayela.

I-PVD (Physical Vapor Deposition): Inqubo yokumboza esetshenziselwa ukwakha isendlalelo esincanyana, esihlala isikhathi eside kumakesi wewashi noma izingxenye, ehlinzeka ngokuvikeleka okuthuthukisiwe nezinketho zombala ezihlukile.

I-Pulsation Scale: Isikali esivame ukutholakala kumawashi e-chronograph esivumela ukukala izinga lokushaya kwenhliziyo lesiguli.

Umshicileli: Inkinobho ewashini le-chronograph esetshenziselwa ukuqalisa, ukumisa, nokusetha kabusha imisebenzi yesikhathi.

I-Quartz Movement: Uhlobo lokunyakaza ewashini elithembele ku-quartz crystal ukuze ilawule ukugcinwa kwesikhathi, okwaziwa ngokunemba kwayo nokusebenza okunamandla ebhethri.

Idethi ye-Quickset: Isici ewashini esivumela ukulungiswa ngokushesha kwesibonisi sedethi, ngokuvamile okutholwa ngokukhipha umqhele endaweni ethile futhi uwuphendule.

Ukukhishwa Okusheshayo: Indlela noma isistimu evumela ukususwa okulula nokusheshayo noma okunamathiselwe kwamabhande ewashi noma amasongo ngaphandle kwesidingo samathuluzi.

I-Rattrapante (noma i-Split-Seconds): Uhlobo lwenkinga ye-chronograph efaka isandla esimaphakathi esengeziwe, esivumela ukukalwa kwezikhawu zesikhathi ezimaphakathi noma eziningi.

I-Rehaut: Unqenqema lwangaphakathi noma i-flange yokudayela kwewashi elizungeza ukudayela ngokwako, ngokuvamile okubonisa omaka behora noma ezinye izimpawu ezengeziwe.

Isilawuli: Uhlobo lwesibonisi sesikhathi lapho ihora, iminithi, nezandla zesibili zibekwe kuma-subdials ahlukene noma izimbazo, okunikeza ukufaneleka okuthuthukisiwe.

I-Reserve de Marche: Inkomba yokugcina amandla ebonisa isikhathi esisele sokusebenza sewashi eliwumshini ngaphambi kokuthi liphinde lilinyazwe futhi.

I-Retrograde: Uhlobo lwenkinga lapho isandla sinyakaza ku-arc bese sigxumela sibuyele endaweni yaso yokuqala esikhundleni sokwenza uguquko oluphelele.

I-Bezel Ezungezisayo: I-bezel ewashini engaphendulwa, ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa izinjongo zesikhathi, njengokulinganisa isikhathi esidlulile noma ukulandelela izindawo zesikhathi ezengeziwe.

I-Sapphire Crystal: Ikristalu yewashi ehlala isikhathi eside futhi enganyakazi eyenziwe ngesafire yokwenziwa, eyaziwa ngokucaca kwayo kanye nokumelana nokulimala.

I-Screw-Down Crown: Umqhele ewashini ongaboshelwa ngokuqinile ekesini ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumelana namanzi.

I-Skeleton Watch: Iwashi elinokudayela okusobala nekesi elibonisa ukusebenza kwangaphakathi okuyinkimbinkimbi komnyakazo.

I-Subdial: Ukudayela okuncane phakathi kokudayela okuyinhloko kwewashi, ngokuvamile okusetshenziselwa ukubonisa izinkinga ezengeziwe ezifana nendawo yesikhathi sesibili, idethi, noma imisebenzi ye-chronograph.

Ukudayela kwe-Sunburst: Ukudayela okunombhalo ophelele ofaka imigqa ekhazimulayo, okudala umphumela ocwebezelayo okhumbuza ukukhanya kwelanga.

I-Super-LumiNova: Into edumile ye-luminescent esetshenziswa ezandleni zewashi, izimpawu zehora, nokudayela ukuthuthukisa ukubonakala ezimeni zokukhanya okuphansi.

Shanela Isandla Sesibili: Isandla eside, esimaphakathi ewashini esibonisa amasekhondi, sihamba kahle nangokuqhubekayo esikhundleni sokumaka.

I-Tachymeter: Isikali ku-bezel yewashi noma ukudayela okuvumela isivinini sokulinganisa ngokusekelwe esikhathini nezibalo zebanga.

I-Tourbillon: Inkinga eyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu futhi ekhangayo ewashini eliphikisa imiphumela yamandla adonsela phansi ukunyakaza ngokubeka okuphunyukayo ekhejini elijikelezayo.

I-Titanium: Insimbi engasindi futhi eqinile evame ukusetshenziswa kumakesi wewashi namasongo ngenxa yesilinganiso sayo samandla nesisindo esihle kakhulu kanye nokumelana nokugqwala.

I-Tonneau: Umumo wekesi lewashi elibonakala ngedizayini yalo efana nomgqomo enezinhlangothi ezigobile futhi ngokuvamile iziphetho eziyindilinga.

I-Totalizer: Indlela yokudayela kancane noma eyengeziwe ewashini ebonisa isikhathi esedlule esikhulayo semisebenzi efana ne-chronograph noma izoni yesikhathi ekabili.

I-Tritium: Into ekhipha imisebe phambilini eyayisetshenziswa ekudayilweni kwe-luminescent yewashi, manje esithathelwe indawo kakhulu ezinye izinto ezingasebenzisi umsakazo njenge-Super-LumiNova.

Ifomethi Yamahora Ayishumi Nambili: Isistimu yokubonisa isikhathi esekelwe kumjikelezo wamahora angu-12, evame ukusetshenziswa ekuphileni kwansuku zonke ngokuphambene nefomethi yamahora angu-24.

I-UTC (Isikhathi Esihlanganisiwe Sendawo Yonke): Izinga lesikhathi sokuqala elisetshenziswa emhlabeni wonke, elivame ukubizwa ngokuthi i-Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), elisebenza njengereferensi yokugcina isikhathi kuzo zonke izindawo zesikhathi ezihlukene.

I-Ultra-Thin: Ichaza iwashi noma ukunyakaza okuzacile kakhulu, okuvame ukuzuzwa ngedizayini emisha kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezingxenye ezincane.

I-Unidirectional Bezel: I-bezel ewashini lokutshuza ezungezisa ohlangothini olulodwa kuphela, ngokuvamile ngokuphambene newashi, ukuze ilinganise isikhathi esidlulile ngaphansi kwamanzi futhi ivimbele ukuzungezisa ngengozi.

Isikhathi Esijwayelekile: Isici noma inkinga ewashini evumela ukuboniswa kanyekanye kwesikhathi samanje ezindaweni eziningi zesikhathi.

I-Urushi: Isu lesiko le-lacquer lase-Japan elivame ukusetshenziswa ekudayileni kwewashi eliphezulu, elaziwa ngokucebile, ukuqeda okucwebezelayo kanye nobuciko obuyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukudlidliza Ngehora ngalinye (VPH): Isilinganiso esisetshenziselwa ukukhombisa imvamisa lapho isondo lebhalansi lizulazula ewashi eliwumshini. Ivamise ukuvezwa ngokuya ngamabhithi ngehora.

I-Valjoux: Umkhiqizi owaziwayo waseSwitzerland owaziwa ngokukhiqiza iminyakazo yekhwalithi ephezulu ye-chronograph esetshenziswa amawashi ahlukahlukene.

Vandalsim: Isenzo sokulimaza ngamabomu noma ukonakalisa iwashi noma izingxenye zalo.

Ukudlidliza: Ukunyakaza okuzungezayo noma ukuya emuva naphambili kwesondo lebhalansi ewashini eliwumshini, ngokuvamile likalwa ngokudlidliza ngehora (VPH).

I-Vintage: Isho amawashi aneminyaka okungenani engu-20-30 ubudala, avame ukufunwa ngenani lawo lomlando, idizayini, nokuqoqeka.

Izinkinga Ezibonakalayo: Izici ezengeziwe ekudayileni kwewashi noma isibonisi ezihlinzeka ngezithuthukisi zobuhle, njengesigaba senyanga noma inkomba yokubeka amandla.

Ukumelana Namanzi: Ikhono lewashi lokumelana nokuchayeka emanzini ekujuleni okuthile ngaphandle kokuthi amanzi angene kukesi.

I-Winding: Isenzo sokuhlinzeka ngokuzenzela noma ngokuzenzakalelayo amandla kumthombo wewashi ukuze unike amandla ukunyakaza.

Umqhele Osontayo: Iknobhu eseceleni kwekesi lewashi elisetshenziselwa ukusonga i-mainspring nokusetha isikhathi.

Isikhathi Somhlaba: Inkinga yewashi evumela ukuboniswa ngesikhathi esisodwa ezindaweni eziningi zesikhathi emhlabeni jikelele.

Iwashi lesandla: Iwashi elakhelwe ukugqokwa esihlakaleni, ngokuvamile elinebhande noma isongo.

I-X-Factor: Igama elisetshenziselwa ukuchaza ikhwalithi engaphatheki noma ukukhanga okuyingqayizivele kwewashi elenza lihluke kwamanye, ngokuvamile elivumelanayo futhi okunzima ukulichaza.

Igolide Eliphuzi: Uhlobo lwegolide oluvame ukusetshenziswa kumakesi wewashi namasongo, elaziwa ngombala walo ophuzi ofudumele nocebile.

Zenith: Umkhiqizi wewashi ohlonishwayo waseSwitzerland owaziwa ngokukhiqiza ukunyakaza kwemishini namawashi ekhwalithi ephezulu.

Isikhathi Sendawo: Isikhathi sendawo endaweni ethile noma indawo yesikhathi.

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